Apparatus for producing a non-irregular twist yarn

ABSTRACT

An apparatus and process for providing twisted yarn with a uniform distribution of twists along the length of the yarn. The process is utilized to set the yarn, after the yarn has been twisted, with a suitable treating or setting medium such as hot water, chemicals etc.

United States Patent Okada et al. 1 Aug. 29, 1972 [54] APPARATUS FORPRODUCING A NON- 2,089,199 8/1937 Finlayson et a1 ..57I35 IRREGULARTWIST YARN 2,089,239 8/ 1937 Whitehead ..57/35 721 inventors: SadayukiOkatla; smite Nomug'ggg'gl'g $1331 ,Y f n both of] wahi J o0 m i2,838,903 6/1958 Sutter.... ..........57/77.3 X [73] Assignees: GijIlMlmy" Kumhi Alllliit 3,064,413 11/1962 Stames.. ...........57/58.59Kenkyuflo, lnazawa-shi; Daido 3,151,438 10/1964 Althof ..57/51 KwriKgbuslflkl Kflgha, Tokyo, 3,377,790 4/1968Brocke]....................57/58.59 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [22]1967 585,450 10/1959 Canada ..s7/34 [2]] App]. No.: 667,144 1,440,2944/1966 France ..57/58.59 642,970 3/1937 Germany ..57/34 364,938 1/1932Great Britain ..57/35 [301 Fm 701,964 111954 Great Britain ..57/51 Sept.16,1966 Japan......................41I6l297 Sept. 16, 1966 Japan"41/612918 OTHER PUBUCMTONS Sept. 16, 1966 Japan ..4ll61296 OAS1,112,928, Germany, Althof, publ. 9-1957 [52] US. Cl. ..57I34 HS, 57/35,57/62 P i ry Mun-Stanley N, Gilreath [51] Int. Cl. mlll 13/30 A i tantExaminer-Werner H, Schroeder [58] Field of Search ..57/34, 35, 51,58.49, 58.57, Attorney-Robert E, Burns 157 MS, 164 [57] ABSTRACT Anapparatus and process for providing twisted yarn [56] References Citedwith a uniform distribution of twists along the length UNITED STATESPATENTS of the yarn. The process is utilized to set the yarn, after theyarn has been twisted, with a suitable treating 3,050,819 8/1962 Allman,Jr. 01.81. .......s7/34 x in h h t w h 1 t 1,987,449 1/1935 Schweiure181 ..57/62 )1 gm mm Suc as W c 5 e c 2,089,198 8/1937 Finlayson e1a1.........57/157 X 6 Claims, 18 Drawing Figures PATENTED IBTZ 3.686.845

saw u or 4 APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A NON- IRREGULAR TWIST YARN Themethod of obtaining twisted yarn by twisting fibrous material, forexample, wool or other natural fiber material, or fibrous material suchas various kinds of synthetic fibers is known in the art.

The prior art discloses a number of systems having methods for twistingyarn, namely, the ring-twisting system, the captwisting system, theflyer-twisting system, and the up-twisting or double-twisting system,etc. It can be said with respect to these yarn-twisting methods that,during the operation thereof, the twist tends to be concentrated in thethin section of the yarn, thereby increasing twist irregularity, i.e.,varying amounts of twists per unit length because the twisting zone ordistance between the yarn cop and the winding device is relatively long.

In addition, it has been known to set yarn thatis al ready twisted. Butgenerally, in each of these cases, the wound cop is subjected to a steamset in the usual atmosphere or vacuum chamber with the cop wound as itis. Therefore, a difference in the steam set inevitably occurs betweenthe outer layer and the inner layer of the copy yarn layers, resultingin difliculty of application of a uniform treatment to all of the layersof yarn. As a result, when a satisfactory steam set is applied to theinner layer, the outer layer may be overtreated, resulting not only inthe deterioration of the quality of the fiber material, but also in aincrease of so-called snarls. In addition, it increases the difficultyof obtaining yarn having twist uniformity, i.e., unvarying amounts oftwists per length.

An object of the present invention is to provide uniformly twisted yarnwithout twist back, yarn irregularity, yam strain and unevenness ofsnarl due to insufficient set, etc.

Another object of the present invention is to provide improved yarn,especially wool yarn having the characteristics of twist uniformity.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide yarnproducts having excellent appearance, good touch, good physicalproperties and other desirable characteristics, and most importantlyyarn that is well suited for manufacturing wool fiber products.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a novel methodincluding novel apparatus suitable for manufacturing such yarn productseasily, continuously and efficiently.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide improvedand economically feasible apparatus for such yarn products.

According to the objects as described above and as will be describedhereinafter, the present invention provides that uniformly twisted yarnhaving none of the above-mentioned irregularities can be obtainedefficiently by applying twisting or setting to the yarn along arelatively short length of the yarn.

In order to attain the objects described above, the yarn according tothe present invention is provided with a uniform twist distribution inthe axial direction by shortening substantially the treatment portion ofthe fiber material comprising the yarn. Further, according to thepresent invention, improved textile products such as novel and improvedyarns, knitted and woven fabrics, industrially used textile products andthe like are produced from fabric material provided by the presentinvention. Clothing, including stockings, gloves, mufflers, hats, andfancy and delicate material, cushion material, carpet, chair covermaterial, wall material and other articles of high quality having goodappearances and touch can be produced from such woven goods utilizingthe yarn provided by the present invention.

In order to provide such products by utilizing the present invention, afalse twisting device is provided suitably close to the winding areabetween the yarn cop and said winding device, which false twistingdevice is rotated in the same direction as the twist of the yarn. Theyarn is passed through the false twisting device, and after passingthrough the device a real or true twist is applied to the yarn in theshort distance between the false twisting and the winding device.Further, the invention provides a continuous treatment for setting thetwisted yarn and the means for preventing the transfer of the twistduring the continuous treatment.

With the above and additional objects and advantages in view as willhereinafter appear, this invention comprises the devices, combinations,and arrange ments of parts hereinafter described and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings of preferred embodiments.

FIGS. la and lb are enlarged views showing the yarn provided by thepresent invention and the corresponding yarn provided by the prior artapparatus and method, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic drawings in section of two differentarrangements of a portion of the present invention.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged views of a portion of the twisted yarnprovided by the present invention with the twisting device operated attwo different speeds relatively to the speed of rotation of the yarncop.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view, partially broken away, showinganother embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a modified portion of thearrangement shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view, partially broken away of amodification of the treating apparatus shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view showing a segment of the yarn asit passes between the false twisting devices of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view, partially broken away ofanother embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view partially broken away, ofanother embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a graph of the strength and elongation curves of the yarnobtained by using the device shown in FIG. 11.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged schematic view showing a segment of the yarnduring twisting and twist setting operation of the arrangement shown inFIG. 12.

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view, partially broken away, showinga modification of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. I].

FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view, partially broken away, showinga modification of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 l.

FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a modified portion of theapparatus shown in FIG. 16.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS.

In FIG. In there is shown a section of yarn 3 according to the presentinvention. In FIG. 1b there is shown a corresponding section of yarn asis conventional in the prior art. The length of the section of yarnshown in each of FIGS. la and lb is 20 cm. Each section of the yarn hasa thin part between two thick parts and parts of varying intermediatethickness between the thick and thin parts. In practice, there are manyvariations in the shape of the yarn, but for simplicity only one shapeis shown. In this case, the yarn sections in FIGS. la and 1b are grippedby their ends. The yarn sections in FIGS. la and 1b are divided by thedotted line into 20 parts and a total number of I twists [100T (turns)]are applied. Yarn number, fuzz, etc., will not be considered here.

Thus, when 100 revolutions of twist are applied to each of the yarnsections in FIGS. la and lb, the numerical value of the twist for eachsection as a whole is the same. But in the yarn section in FIG. lb theparts I to 4 each have three twists, 3T, the part 5, 4T, the part 6T,the parts '7 to to 14, 7T, the part 15, GT, the part 16, 4T., and theparts 17 to 20, 3T. Therefore, in the narrow section the twist isconcentrated relatively to the thick sections where less twist perlength is available: accordingly, twist irregularity and otherirregularities are produced and a uniform or regular section of yarncannot be obtained. In contrast, in the yarn section in FIG. la thenumber of twists per length remains the same throughout the entirelength. Thus, in the section in FIG. Ia five twists (ST) per part areshown for each of the parts 20 irrespective of the variation in thethickness of the yarn: thus, the twist uniformity of the yarn in FIG. lais greatly improved over that of the prior art yarn as shown in FIG. lb.

In ring-twisting systems and other conventional twisting systems,including advanced up-twisting systems and double-twisting systems, thetwist irregularity or nonuniforrnity of the yarn to be produced issubstantially equivalent to that of the yarn shown in FIG. lb. Further,in the up-twisting system in which the twist is transmitted to the copfor the yarn, even the fuzz of the cop yarn adjacent to the cop tends tobe twisted in, so that the separation of the yarn is poor and yarnhaving a large amount of undesirable fuzz is produced.

According to the present invention, as has been briefly explained above,a false twisting device is arranged between a yarn cop and the windingdevice for the yarn, preferably close to the winding device and thedistance between the yarn cop and the winding device is shortened asmuch as possible to prevent twist concentration in the thin sections ofthe yarn. Thus, twisted yarn having a small amount of twist irregularitycan be produced, and owing to the false twisting means, the twist of theyarn between the false twisting means and the cop of the yarn can bedecreased to nearly zero or as small as possible, whereby thebobbin-unwinding operation is greatly improved and twisted yarn having asmall amount of fuzz can be produced.

Among the drawings showing the preferred embodiments of the invention,FIG. 2 discloses a cop 4 about which is wound the yarn 3 that is to betwisted. The cop 4 is mounted on a spindle 5 and is rotated in thedirection of an arrow 6, the yarn 3 being led through a yarn guide 8. Awinding roller assembly 9 includes driving rollers 94 and 9c rotating inthe direction of the arrows 7 and 70, respectively, and supported by theshafts 9b and 9d, respectively. A yam-winding cone I0 is supported bythe shaft 11 and rotated in the direction of the arrow 12 by frictionthrough rollers 9a and 9c.

In the conventional up-twisting system, the twisted yarn is wound on thecone through a yarn guide, but in the present invention, a falsetwisting device is arranged in the system. Thus, a false twisting deviceI3 holds the yarn temporarily between the false twisting device and theother portion, and can apply a false twist to the yarn for a time, whichtwist may be increased or decreased.

The false twisting device 13 includes a supporting piece 14, thatsupports a tube 15 for rotation in the direction of the arrow [5a. Aring 16 is provided on the upper part of the tube 15, the yarn beingpassed through the ring 16. Accordingly, the yarn unwound from the yarncop is passed through the ring I6 on the upper part of the tube 15 ofthe false twisting device 13 through the yarn guide 8 and is passedthrough a winding roller assembly 9. The false twisting device isrotated in the same direction and at the same speed as that of thespindle 5 to apply nearly the same number of twists to the yarn betweenthe cop 4 and the device 13 as that produced by spindle rotation. Inaddition, the desired number of twists is applied to the yarn in theshort distance between the false twisting device and the winding roller;thus, a uniformly twisted yarn having no twist irregularities or fuzz isobtained.

Further, in the case of non-twist filament or parallelspun yarn,especially parallel winding cops, when the non-twist filament or theparallel-spun yarn is likely to become separated and tangled due to theballooning by the rotation of the spindle, the rotation of the falsetwisting device may be made somewhat slower than the rotation of the copspindle, thereby to apply some twist to the yarn between the yarn copand the false twisting device, and the number of twists that remain maybe applied between the false twisting device and the winding roller.

The state of the yarn during the described twisting operations will beexplained by referring to the drawings. Initially, as shown in FIG. 5,when the rotation of the false twisting device is in the same directionand at the same speed as the spindle, the twisting device 13 and the cop4 is decreased, as shown by the segment 30, so that there is no twist,but after passing the false twisting device the desired twist is appliedas shown by the segment 30. Further, when the speed of rotation of thefalse twisting device is decreased to a somewhat slower rotational speedthan that of the spindle, as shown in FIG. 6, a small amount of falsetwist is applied to the yarn section 3b between the spindle and thefalse twisting device, and after passing the false twisting device atrue twist can be applied to the yarn in the short section 3c above thefalse twisting device.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which a cover 114 surrounds the copspindle 4. The cover 114 can decrease the air resistance due to theballooning of the yarn, and decrease the tension of the twist yarn. FIG.4 shown an embodiment in which a cover IIS is fixed to the spindle 5,thereby to decrease undesirable twist yarn tension. In this embodiment(FIG. 4), the cop spindle and the false twisting device rotate at thesame speed, the false twisting means 13 being attached to the cover 115thereby eliminating the necessity for a means to drive the falsetwisting device.

Setting the twist yarn properly is an important consideration in theproduction of non-irregular or uniformly twisted yarn. According to thepresent invention, the method for setting the twist by a steamtreatment, with the cop as it is, is not adopted. This method is knownin the prior art. The yarn to be subjected to a twist set is unwoundfrom the cop and wound by the winding roller assembly and during theunwinding operation the yarn is treated, using a suitable treating orsetting medium such as hot water, chemical agents, etc., the operationbeing combined with a false twist provided by the false twisting device.The resulting yarn has no snarls so that a good yarn appearance isobtained.

Utilizing the present invention, the yarn is not as likely to be damagedas is the yarn tested by the usual coptwisting system. In addition, thepresent invention provides that uniform twist set may be applied undervery mild conditions and yet can be accomplished by simple means.According to the present invention, the treating hours can be shortenedto about H100 to l/l,000 or more.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG.2, as can be understood from the following. A cover 116 has protectingmeans 17 such as fur in the inner part thereof while 18 is a tensioncompensator and 25 is a treating apparatus. The tension compensator 18has two friction plates 19 and 190, a bolt 20 projecting from the plate190 on one side, a spring 21 wound on the bolt 20 to press the frictionplates 19 and 19a together. Thus, the tension of the yarn can beadjusted. The treating apparatus 24 includes a hollow treating cylinder27 provided with yarn passages 28 and 29 and an entrance conduit 25 andan outlet conduit 26 for a treating medium such as dry heat or wet heator a chemical agent, etc. The yarn 3 to be unwound from a yarn cop 4a islightly contacted by the fur 17 within the cover 116 and comes outunwrinkled, and thereafter passes through the yarn guide 8 and thetension compensator 18 where suitable tension is applied, and itthereafter advances to the false twisting device 13 through the treatingapparatus 24. In the false twisting device 13, the speed of rotationrelative to the number of twists applied to the yarn is not limited atall theoretically but in practice up to twice the twist number issufficient. The yarn is heated in the treating apparatus 24 by thetreating medium, for example, steam, and immediately after passing thefalse twisting device, the part having the increased twist due to thefalse twist is returned rapidly to the number of twists of the formeryarn, namely, the yarn whose twist has not been increased, and is woundon the cone attached to the winding roller assembly 9.

The condition of the yarn in the false twist state described above isshown in FIG. 10, and will be explained by reference thereto. Thus, whenthe yarn 3 passes the treating apparatus 24 through the tensioncompensator 18 a twist as shown by 3d is applied'having two or threetimes as many twists per unit length as that of the sections before andafter the appropriate false twisting device 13, the section 3d beingsubjected to the heat medium in the apparatus 24. Only the increased orfalse twists are set as the yarn is heated; thus the generation of snarlproduced by twist return can be prevented.

FIG. 8 shown another embodiment of the present invention that functionsto prevent the snarl mentioned above. In this embodiment, a drawingroller assembly 30 is provided with a pair of rotatable parallelcontiguous rollers 30a and 30b which are mounted between the tensioncompensator l8 and the treating apparatus 24, the other elements beingthe same as in FIG. 7. The yarn is passed between the rollers 30a and30b, and a speed difference can be provided between the cooperatingdrawing rollers 30a and 30b and said cooperating driving rollers %r and9c whereby the tension of the yarn during the heat treatment can beadjusted within a wider range than that provided by the embodiment shownin FIG. 7. Thus, a yarn of better appearance and improved properties canbe obtained. In addition, in order to prevent a snarl from developingprior to setting the twist in the yarn as it is unwound from the yarncop, a protecting means such as the fur is provided as in FIG. 7.Further, to decrease the yarn twist temporarily, for example, the falsetwisting device may replace the yarn guide 8.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention disclosinganother arrangement for applying a heat treatment to the yarn, wherein apair of parallel drawing rollers 31 and 31a are arranged in a treatingbox 27a of the treating apparatus 24a, the apparatus 240 being arrangedto keep the yarn in the heating zone for a longer time. Thus, thetreating effect on the yarn can be increased. In one experiment, aresult of 0-l/S0m of the number of snarls was obtained, which is asubstantial improvement over prior known methods.

In the present invention, the yarn to be treated includes hydrophilicfibers such as worsted yarn or hydrophobic fibers such as nylon yarn,and to these fibers are applied methods disclosed herein to effect theprevention of twist irregularity, the prevention of snarl and otherundesirable occurrences. There is no limit to the kinds of forms or theyarns and fibers to which the methods of the present invention can beapplied.

In this case, for example, the twisting system utilizing the rotaryspindle of the cop to be twisted, such as used in the up-twisting systemor double-twisting system, is used for twisting and the twisted yarn issubjected to a heat treatment in a twist set treatment zone between thedrawing roller and the winding roller, whereby twist set treatment iscarried on continuously. Thus, the operation of twisting and setting canbe carried on under very mold conditions.

FIG. 11 discloses a continuous twist and twist-setting means accordingto the present invention. Thus, a cop spindle 5 rotates constantly, anduntwisted yarn composed of wool or a mixed material comprising wool andsynthetic fiber is unwound therefrom, twisted, and passed through theyarn guide 8, tension compensator l8, drawing rollers 30a and 30b and issubjected to a heat treatment by the treating apparatus 24. According tothe system shown in FIG. 4, twist yarn of wool or wool-blended yarn isgiven a twist set with safety and uniformity.

The following table I was prepared utilizing yarn having a common twistof 2/3Ss wool 100 percent, a spindle rotating at 7,000 r.p.m. to comparethe length of the heating zone, and the speed ratio of the rollers forthe winding roller assembly to the rollers for the drawing rollerassembly with the number of snarls:

Further, when the yarn is wound upon the seriplane, good yarn appearancecan be obtained at a smaller value of the speed ratio of the rollers forthe winding roller assembly to the rollers for the drawing rollerassembly. Thus, the apparatus for driving the rollers for the respectiveassemblies may be adjusted to vary the speed ratio therebetween. FIG. 13discloses a graph of the yarn as described above. In the drawing, it isshown that the yarn treated at the small value of the speed ratio of therollers for the winding roller assembly to the rollers for the drawingroller assembly has good extension qualities.

FIG. 12 is a modification of the system shown in FIG. 11. The onlydifference between FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 is the addition of the falsetwisting devices 13 and 130 which provide for more uniform twistoperation and a surer twist set operation that can be carried on moreefficiently. Namely, by placing the false twisting device 13 as close aspossible to the drawing roller assembly 30, the twist is applied in theshort distance between the drawing roller assembly 30 and the falsetwisting device 13, and the twist irregularity caused by the yarnirregularity is reduced substantially. By placing another false twistingdevice 130 between the heat-treating apparatus 24 and the winding rollerassembly 9, the effect of the twist set by the heat treatment isincreased and the heat treatment zone can be shortened and made morecompact. Further, by shortening the distance between the drawing rollerassembly 30 and the false twisting device 130, it has been found that aneffective twist can be obtained without decreasing the uniformity of theyarn and without increasing twist irregularity at the twisting zone.

The condition of the yarn provided by the system shown in FIG. 12 isshown in FIG. 14. In FIG. 14: the section 3c of the yarn 3 indicates asmall amount of false twist the section 3f discloses a real or truetwist, the section 3 discloses an increased false twist in the heatingzone, and the section 311 discloses the same number of twists per lengthas the section 3f. Thus, section 3f shows yarn having a true or realtwist, i.e., the completed twist yarn, in which the twist set isfinished by the increased false twist 3g.

Regardless of the means utilized, by setting the yarn in a shortdistance by shortening the length of the yarn at the twisting zoneduring twist operation, a uniform twist, as shown in FIG. la, isobtained. The movement of the twist along the axial length of the yarnis restrained for stabilizing the uniformly applied twist until thetwist set is completed.

FIG. 15 is a further modification which may be combined with thestructure shown in each of the embodiments described above. In FIG. 15,32 shows means for applying a setting medium to the twisted yarn. Themeans 32 is mounted on rotary shafts 33, 33a, 34 and 340. An endlessbelt 35 is mounted on the shafts 33 and 34 and an endless belt 350 ismounted on the shafts 33a and 34a. The endless belts 35, 35a are made ofwire net and have adjacent faces that move in the same direction andbetween which is sandwiched the yarn 3. The shafts 33, 33a, 34 and 340are driven by means not shown in FIG. 15. There are also provided noules36 and 360 which direct streams of the treating medium at the belt 350.The uniformly twisted yarn obtained by the above-described method passesbetween the endless belts 35 and 35a of the means 32 from the drawingroller assembly 30. During this process movement of the twists along thelength of the yarn is prevented by the uneveness of the wire net.

To set the twist, the treating means 32 may utilize heating, cooling,water, steam, dehydration, drying and other suitable media and methods.Any type of device may be used if the twist yarn can be held byrestraining it to such a degree that the twist will not move during thetwist set treatment, for example, the devices shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.In FIG. 16, a wire net 38 is mounted on the periphery of the cylinder 37rotated by the shaft 37a. As the yarn advances, movement of its twist isrestrained by the uneveness of the wire net. In FIG. 17, in place of thewire nets a V-shaped groove 39 (in cross-section) is provided in thecylinder 37 which again is driven by the shaft 370. The twist yarn isinserted into the groove 39 to prevent movement of the twists along thelength of the yarn.

In addition to the treating medium described above, other media such asoil agents, paste, etc., may be used. Although it is not limitedthereto, the following is preferable: for synthetic fibers a dryheating-cooling treatment, for natural fibers a dry heating-coldtreatment and wet heating-dry treatment. After all the twist settreating means for preventing the movement of these twists is the twistset means itself, and other means too may be used if it performs thesame fu nctions. Accordingly, the device shown in FIG. 2 can restrainthe movement of the twist. Namely, in FIG. 2, the twist yarn coming outof the winding roller 9 is wound on the cone 10 immediately thereafterso that the movement of the twist is restrained.

From the above description, it can be understood that the twist yarnproduced according to the present invention has a very uniform quality.According to the present invention another excellent characteristic hasbeen found, namely, that integrated work can be realized, and when atreating medium is used, each treatment of sizing, oiling, or waxing,etc. can be used combined optionally, and further simplification of theapparatus and working may be possible. The invention may be realized asfollows:

EXAMPLE 1 Using two parallel yarns of I percent worsted yarn l/48s(first twist Z 60t/l0cm), a cross winding yarn cop is made. Such a copis used and carried by a cop spindle such as the one shown in FIG. 4.Comparing the twist yarn obtained according to the process of theinvention with the twist yarn obtained by the up-twisted andring-twisting systems of Irregularity prior art, the

result shown in table Note: No. of final twist is S56ll0cm.

Twist irregularity is the standard deviation of cm of test length.

EXAMPLE 2 Under the same conditions as in the above-described example I,the clearance between the false twisting device and the winding rollerassembly decreased as much as possible, which in practice is about 10mmdue to the characteristics of the device. The result obtained therebyshows that the amount of fuzz is very small, and the twist irregularityis 2.8 percent. Accordingly, it can be understood that by bringing thefalse twisting device close to the winding means a much better result isobtained.

The following examples relate to the prevention of snarl.

EXAMPLE 3 100 percent worsted yarn l/48s (secured twist S56tll0cm, firsttwist Z60t/l0cm) is utilized with the device shown in FIG. 8 under thefollowing conditions:

Yarn speed: No. ofincreased twist due to the false twist applied:

about m/min.

Sl.7tll0cm (No. oftwist of yarn x 0.03

Heat treating part: Length lOem (Treating time about 5: sec.)

Winding roller assembly:

Drawing roller assembly: 0.98/L00 The degree of the twist set of theyarn treated by the method described above is: no. of snarls; average2/50cm, maximum 3/50cm, minimum l/50cm. There was no irregulardistribution of the snarl. In contrast, in the case of the conventionaltwist set in the vacuum chamber; no. of snarls; average 8/50cm, greatestl3/50cm, least l/50cm. Both the number of snarls and the irregularity ofthe yarn was high.

EXAMPLE 4 In this example, the conditions are the same as those inexample 3 except:

Increased No. of twists due to false twist:

ll.2t/l0cm (No. of twist of the yarn X02) and as an extreme condition itwas carried on without any heat treatment. The degree of the twist setthereof has a value of: no. of snarls; average 3/50cm.

EXAMPLE 5 In this example, nylon filament d is used and a twist of800t/m is put on the device shown in FIG. 9 under the followingconditions:

No. of increased twists due 400 t/m (No. of twists of to the falsetwist: yam X 0.5)

Yarn Speed: About Zorn/min Heat treatment part: length 30cm Heattreatment time: About one second 200C dry Heat treatment Winding rollerassembly] Drawing roller assembly: 1.0/1.0

The degree of the twist set of the yarn obtained no. of snarls under1.50cm.

The following samples relate to twist irregularity and the snarl.

EXAMPLE 6 Using two parallel cops of I00 percent worsted yarn l/48s(first twist Z60t/l0cm), by the up-twisting system, second twist Mp/S56t/ 10cm, speed ratio of winding roller assembly/drawing rollerassembly being 0.97. The device shown in FIG. 12 is used and the resultshown in table no. 3 is as follows:

TABLE 3 The present The Prior Invention Art Yarn Speed 20 mlmin. Lengthof Steam Set l0 cm I00C) Number of Increased Twists due to False TwistApplication l/7T/ l 0 cm Draft 0.97 Number of Snarls Average 2 5 Maximum3 9 Minimum 1 l Twist Irregularity 5.0 [0.0

As is clear from the table, compared with the results obtained in theprior art using a conventional ringtwisting system and yam-steamingkettle, the present invention provides a greatly improved product.

EXAMPLE 7 Applying the present invention under the same conditions asthose set forth in example 6, but using worsted yarn 2/48s (polyester 55percent, wool 45 percent), the following results were obtained:

TABLE 4 The Present The Prior Invention Art Yarn Speed 20 m/min.

Length of Steam Set 20 cm lOG'C) Number of Increased Twists due to FalseTwist Application Drafi 1.00

Number of Snarls Average 3 10 Maximum 18 Minimum 2 4 Twist irregularity5.2 l 1.0

EXAMPLE 8 Using the up-twisting system in: (A) the prior art process, B)the process of the present invention utilizing the apparatus in FIG. 2,(C) the process of the invention utilizing the apparatus in FIG. 15, andin each case using 2/52s worsted mouline yarn, yarn of second twistS59s/l0cm made the following result was obtained:

TABLE 5 The The The Prior Present Present Art invention invention FIG. 2FIG. 15

Length of Twisting Portion 30 cm 2 cm 2 cm Distance Between the DrawingRoller Assembly and the 4 cm Twist Setting Device Twist irregularityl0.0 L7 3.0

Note: Twist irregularity is the standard deviation of the number oftwists per 10cm of length. According to the process of the presentinvention, woven fabric made with the twist yarn was found to have anexcellent appearance and the least amount of irregularity as comparedwith fabric made from the twist y rn obtained by the conventionalprocesses of the prior art.

The foregoing detailed description is given for clearness ofunderstanding only and no unnecessary limitations are to be understoodtherefrom, as some modifications will be obvious to those skilled in theart.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. An apparatus fortwisting and setting yarn, said apparatus comprising means for rotatinga cop of the yarn to be twisted, means for pulling said yarn from thecop while continuously engaging said yarn, first false twisting meansrotating in the same direction as the rotation of the cop of yarn andpositioned between said cop of yarn and said pulling means, said firstfalse twisting means being disposed relatively close to said pullingmeans to apply a true twist to the yarn in the short area between saidpulling means and said first twisting means, thereby applying a uniformaxial twist distribution to the yarn, yarn winding means, second falsetwisting means positioned between said pulling means and said yarnwinding means, said second false twisting means being rotated in such away that the number of twists of said yarn between the pulling means andthe second false twisting means will be increased over the number oftwists in the yarn between the first false twisting means and thepulling means, and means for applying a setting medium to the yarn inthe increased twisted state between said second false twisting means 1 2and said pulling means.

2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said yarn winding meansincludes a rotatable roller and said means for pulling said yarnincludes a rotatable roller and including means for varying the ratio ofthe speed of rotation between said rollers.

3. A system for twisting and setting yarn comprising a cop of yarn,means for winding the yarn drawn from said cop, first means for twistingthe yarn drawn from said cop between said cop and said winding means,second means for twisting the yarn drawn from the cop between said firsttwisting means and said winding means, means for pulling andcontinuously engaging the yarn between said first twisting means andsecond twisting means and means for applying a setting medium betweensaid pulling and engaging means and said second twisting means.

4. An apparatus for twisting and setting yarn, said apparatus comprisingmeans for rotating a cop of the yarn to be twisted, means for pullingsaid yam from the cop of yarn while continuously engaging said yarn,false twisting means rotating in the same direction as the rotation ofsaid yarn cop and positioned between said yarn cop and said pullingmeans, said false twisting means being positioned relatively close tosaid pulling means, said false twisting means applying a true twist tothe yarn in the short distance between the pulling means and the falsetwisting means thereby to apply a uniform axial twist distribution tosaid yarn, means for applying mechanical friction to the twisted yarn toprevent movement of the twists of the yarn along the length of the yarnto which the mechanical friction is applied, means for applying asetting medium to the length of the yarn to which the mechanicalfriction is applied and means for winding said set yarn, said means forapplying mechanical friction comprising a pair of endless beltsconstructed with wire net, each of said endless belts having an opposingface adjacent each other and means for driving said belts, the yarnbeing sandwiched between the adjacent opposing faces of the belts.

5. An apparatus for twisting and setting yarn, said apparatus comprisingmeans for rotating a cop of the yarn to be twisted, means for pullingsaid yarn from the cop of yarn while continuously engaging said yarn,false twisting means rotating in the same direction as the rotation ofsaid yarn cop and positioned between said yarn cop and said pullingmeans, said false twisting means being positioned relatively close tosaid pulling means, said false twisting means applying a true twist tothe yarn in the short distance between the pulling means and the falsetwisting means thereby to apply a uniform axial twist distribution tosaid yarn, means for applying mechanical friction to the twisted yarn toprevent movement of the twists of the yarn along the length of the yarnto which the mechanical friction is applied, means for applying asetting medium to the length of the yarn to which the mechanicalfriction is applied and means for winding said set yarn, said means forapplying mechanical friction comprising a rotatable cylinder, means forrotating said cylinder, and a wire netting having an uneven surface andmounted on the cylinder, whereby the yarn is advanced in contact withthe uneven surface of the wire netting.

6. An apparatus for twisting and setting yarn, said apparatus comprisingmeans for rotating a cop of the yarn to be twisted, means for pullingsaid yarn from the cop of yarn while continuously engaging said yarn,false twisting means rotating in the same direction as the rotation ofsaid yarn cop and positioned between said yarn cop and said pullingmeans, said false twisting means being positioned relatively close tosaid pulling means, said false twisting means applying a true twist tothe yarn in the short distance between the pulling means and the falsetwisting means thereby to apply a uniform axial twist distribution tosaid yarn, means for applying mechanical friction to the twisted yarn toi t i i I

2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said yarn winding meansincludes a rotatable roller and said means for pulling said yarnincludes a rotatable roller and including means for varying the ratio ofthe speed of rotation between said rollers.
 3. A system for twisting andsetting yarn comprising a cop of yarn, means for winding the yarn drawnfrom said cop, first means for twisting the yarn drawn from said copbetween said cop and said winding means, second means for twisting theyarn drawn from the cop between said first twisting means and saidwinding means, means for pulling and continuously engaging the yarnbetween said first twisting means and second twisting means and meansfor applying a setting medium between said pulling and engaging meansand said second twisting means.
 4. An apparatus for twisting and settingyarn, said apparatus comprising means for rotating a cop of the yarn tobe twisted, means for pulling said yarn from the cop of yarn whilecontinuously engaging said yarn, false twisting means rotating in thesame direction as the rotation of said yarn cop and positioned betweensaid yarn cop and said pulling means, said false twisting means beingpositioned relatively close to said pulling means, said false twistingmeans applying a true twist to the yarn in the short distance betweenthe pulling means and the false twisting means thereby to apply auniform axial twist distribution to said yarn, means for applyingmechanical friction to the twisted yarn to prevent movement of thetwists of the yarn along the length of the yarn to which the mechanicalfriction is applied, means for applying a setting medium to the lengthof the yarn to which the mechanical friction is applied and means forwinding said set yarn, said means for applying mechanical frictioncomprising a pair of endless belts constructed with wire net, each ofsaid endless belts having an opposing face adjacent each other and meansfor driving said belts, the yarn being sandwiched between the adjacentopposing faces of the belts.
 5. An apparatus for twisting and settingyarn, said apparatus comprising means for rotating a cop of the yarn tobe twisted, means for pulling said yarn from the cop of yarn whilecontinuously engaging said yarn, false twisting means rotating in thesame direction as the rotation of said yarn cop and positioned betweensaid yarn cop and said pulling means, said false twisting means beingpositioned relatively close to said pulling means, said false twistingmeans applying a true twist to the yarn in the short distance betweenthe pulling meaNs and the false twisting means thereby to apply auniform axial twist distribution to said yarn, means for applyingmechanical friction to the twisted yarn to prevent movement of thetwists of the yarn along the length of the yarn to which the mechanicalfriction is applied, means for applying a setting medium to the lengthof the yarn to which the mechanical friction is applied and means forwinding said set yarn, said means for applying mechanical frictioncomprising a rotatable cylinder, means for rotating said cylinder, and awire netting having an uneven surface and mounted on the cylinder,whereby the yarn is advanced in contact with the uneven surface of thewire netting.
 6. An apparatus for twisting and setting yarn, saidapparatus comprising means for rotating a cop of the yarn to be twisted,means for pulling said yarn from the cop of yarn while continuouslyengaging said yarn, false twisting means rotating in the same directionas the rotation of said yarn cop and positioned between said yarn copand said pulling means, said false twisting means being positionedrelatively close to said pulling means, said false twisting meansapplying a true twist to the yarn in the short distance between thepulling means and the false twisting means thereby to apply a uniformaxial twist distribution to said yarn, means for applying mechanicalfriction to the twisted yarn to prevent movement of the twists of theyarn along the length of the yarn to which the mechanical friction isapplied, means for applying a setting medium to the length of the yarnto which the mechanical friction is applied and means for winding saidset yarn, said means for applying mechanical friction comprising arotatable cylinder and means for rotating said cylinder, said cylinderprovided with a groove and said yarn being received by the groove as itis pulled by said winding means.